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A Comparison of Ondansetron and Dolasetron in the Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Outpatient Anesthesia

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Identifier	Thesis 1692
Author	Kelly, Barbie
Title	A Comparison of Ondansetron and Dolasetron in the Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Outpatient Anesthesia
Publisher	Central Connecticut State University
Date	2003
Resource Type	Master's Thesis
Notes	Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a complication of surgery and anesthesia that has major implications in terms of delaying recovery and raising costs through an increase in time and resources necessary for treatment. In addition, PONV is one of the leading causes for unplanned hospital admissions following outpatient surgery.1,2,3,4,5,6,7 PONV also has the potential for serious medical and surgical consequences and from a patient perspective, is an experience equal to or worse than postoperative pain.8,9,10,11,12 The etiology of PONV is multifactorial.13,14,15 along with the steps involved in its prevention and treatment, including the assessment of risk factors16 and both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic techniques for PONV management.17,18,19 Serotonin receptor antagonists are the newest class of antiemetics and have found favor within outpatient anesthesia due to their increased effectiveness and lack of side effects compared to traditional antiemetics. However, the high cost of these newer antiemetics places their overall efficacy in question.20,21,22,23 Multiple studies have been performed for the purpose of comparing ondansetron and dolasetron to placebo and other antiemetics in the prevention and treatment of PONV. Previous studies have consistently verified increased prophylactic effectiveness of the serotonin antagonists over placebo.24,25,26,27,28,29,30 However, the findings comparing ondansetron and dolasetron to other antiemtics have varied, with some showing significantly improved effectiveness of the serotonin antagonist,31,32 some showing no difference in efficacy,3,34 and others indicating improved efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the traditional antiemetics.35,36 The few studies comparing ondansetron and dolasetron to one another have demonstrated insignificant difference between the two.37,38,39 The current thesis study was performed for the purpose of comparing ondansetron and dolasetron to one another in the prevention and treatment of PONV in an outpatient surgical population. Patients were observed postoperatively for the incidence of PONV, the need for rescue treatment, time to relief from PONV following rescue treatment, time to discharge, and the incidence of post-discharge PONV. Significant differences were seen in the use of dolasetron for prophylaxis, with a longer time to occurrence of PONV and for rescue treatment of established PONV, with a 0% need for further antiemetic treatment following single rescue doses. Additionally, a decreased incidence of post-discharge PONV was seen following the use of dolasetron. Very importantly, were the significant differences seen between patients experiencing and those not experiencing PONV in terms of time to discharge, patient satisfaction, and post-discharge PONV, which continue to indicate the importance of PONV management as a primary goal for anesthesia providers.
Subject	Nausea -- Treatment Anesthesia
Department	Department of Biology
Advisor	Watson, Cheryl L
Type	Text
Digital Format	application/pdf
Language	eng
OCLC number	713734927
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Home CCSU Theses & Dissertations A Comparison of Ondansetron and Dolasetron in the Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative...

A Comparison of Ondansetron and Dolasetron in the Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Outpatient Anesthesia

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