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Economic protest : the most effective yet underutilized strategy in the modern civil rights...
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Economic protest : the most effective yet underutilized strategy in the modern civil rights movement
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Description
Identifier
Thesis
2136
Author
Hainsley, Novelette A., 1971-
Title
Economic
protest
: the
most
effective
yet
underutilized
strategy
in the
modern
civil
rights
movement
Publisher
Central Connecticut State University
Date of Publication
2011
Resource Type
Master's Thesis
Abstract
Economic
protest
is
one
of the
most
powerful
tools
to
exact
change
within
a
capitalist
society
. Those
benefiting
from the
status
quo
will not
willingly
concede
to
sharing
economic
,
political
or
social
prestige
. Those
agitating
for their
share
of their
country's
resources
will have to
implement
protests
that would
negatively
impact
the
finances
of
producers
to
gain
equality
. The
modern
civil
rights
movement
(1954-1965)
of
African
Americans
was a
period
of
increased
agitation
for
civil
rights
and
(to
a
lesser
extent)
,
human
rights
.
Various
strategies
were
implemented
by
African
Americans
to
end
de
jure
segregation
and
discrimination
in the
South
.
Civil
rights
organizations
,
numerous
leaders
and
communities
created
and
carried
out
these
strategies
as they
agitated
for
change
.
Many
of the
strategies
implemented
,
centered
on the
nonviolent
civil
disobedience
creed
of the
movement
.
So
protesters
would
simply
refuse
to
comply
with
unjust
segregation
laws
and not
react
violently
when
arrested
or
attacked
.
Various
tactics
were
utilized
in
ending
de
jure
segregation
. These
included
,
writing
petitions
,
litigations
,
demonstrations
,
picketing
,
marches
,
sit-ins
, and
boycotts
.
All
these
campaigns
and
action
culminated
in the
passage
of
federal
legislation
to
end
many
aspects
of
segregation
and
discrimination
. The
success
of the
movement
can
be
attributed
to the
various
actions
taken
by
civil
rights
proponents
however
; the
economic
boycott
is
the
most
viable
of these
protests
. The
main
aim
of this
thesis
is
to
illuminate
the
impact
the
economic
protest
had on the
modern
civil
rights
movement
of
African
Americans
. This
study
theorizes
that the
economic
protest
,
mainly
the
boycott
was
one
of the
most
effective
tools
utilized
by
African
Americans
to
win
concessions
in their
fight
to
end
de
jure
segregation
and
gain
equal
job
opportunity
in the
South
. This
strategy
was
effective
because
producers
within
a
capitalist
economy
like
the
United
States
would
go
to
great
lengths
to
maximize
their
profits
. The
African
American
community
had
enormous
economic
clout
.
Concessions
for
civil
and
human
rights
were
won
mainly
when
proponents
of
civil
and
human
rights
organized
African
Americans
to
take
action
that
negatively
impacted
the
economic
outcome
of
businesses
participating
in
segregation
. The
owners
of these
businesses
were then
forced
to
concede
to the
demand
for
civil
and
human
rights
. These
business
owners
would also
put
pressure
on
government
officials
to
create
legislation
to
positively
impact
civil
and
human
rights
because
of the
negative
financial
impact
of the
economic
boycott
. This
study
also
theorizes
that
since
the
economic
protest
was
so
instrumental
in
ending
de
jure
segregation
and in
achieving
human
rights
prospects
like
job
opportunities
for
African
Americans
, this
strategy
should have been
fully
utilized
to
fight
de
facto
segregation
and
win
concessions
in
northern
and
western
cities
.
Various
primary
documents
,
mainly
newspaper
reports
and
eye
witness
accounts
were
used
in this
study
to
demonstrate
that
even
though
various
forms
of
protests
were
organized
during
the
modem
civil
rights
movement
, the
most
effective
form
of
protest
was the
economic
boycott
. The
study
examines
the
streetcar
boycotts
of the
late
nineteenth
century
and
early
twentieth
century
, the
Montgomerybus
boycott
(1955-1956)
, and the
student
led
sit-in
campaigns
and
boycotts
(1960)
, in
Greensboro
,
Nashville
and
Atlanta
. This
study
gives
detail
of the
effect
and
result
of these
economic
protests
.
Studied
are the
creation
,
implementation
, and
sustentation
of these
campaigns
.
Where
the
African
American
community
would
first
threaten
to
implement
the
economic
protest
,
execute
the
protest
and
find
ways
to
maintain
it
under
duress
.
During
the
economic
protest
,
it
becomes
evident
that the
businesses
targeted
suffered
tremendous
loss
of
revenue
. These
business
owners
would then
meet
with the
protesters
in an
effort
to
end
the
boycott
. They would
concede
to the
demands
of the
protesters
so
that they would
end
the
boycott
and in
so
doing
,
end
the
business
owners
'
economic
loss
. The
loss
of
revenue
was the
main
reason
why
proponents
of
segregation
would
concede
to
playing
a
part
in
ending
this
practice
. Not
only
did
business
owners
and
managers
in the
protests
examined
,
work
to
end
segregation
, they also
acquiesced
to the
demand
of
protesters
for
human
rights
for
African
Americans
.
Protesters
did
not
only
want
an
end
to
segregation
but they also
wanted
equal
job
opportunities
for
blacks
, and
businesses
negatively
affected
by
economic
boycotts
agreed
to
employ
African
Americans
in their
establishments
,
giving
them
job
opportunities
previously
withheld
.
Notes
Thesis
advisor
:
Felton
Best.
; "
..
. in
partial
fulfillment
of the
requirements
for the
degree
of
Masters
of
Arts
in
History.
";
M.A.,Central
Connecticut
State
University,2011
;
Includes
bibliographical
references
(leaves
182-191)
.
Subject
Civil rights movements--Economic aspects--United States.
African Americans--Civil rights--History--20th century.
Montgomery Bus Boycott, Montgomery, Ala., 1955-1956.
Civil rights demonstrations--United States.
Department
Department of History
Advisor
Best, Felton O., (Felton O'Neal)
Type
Text
Digital Format
application/pdf
Software
System requirements: PC and World Wide Web browser.
Language
eng
OCLC number
747436139
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