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Assessing the positional accuracy of cultural resource location data: a case study of the Connecticut state archaeological inventory GIS at three federal properties in the Naugatuck River basin

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Identifier	Thesis 2222
Author	Budris, Aaron Edward, 1978-
Title	Assessing the positional accuracy of cultural resource location data: a case study of the Connecticut state archaeological inventory GIS at three federal properties in the Naugatuck River basin
Publisher	Central Connecticut State University
Date	2012
Resource Type	Master's Thesis
Notes	Cultural resources in the form of historic and prehistoric archaeological sites can be found throughout the State of Connecticut. Such resources offer society numerous benefits when properly studied, protected and managed. In order to protect and manage these sites, accurate information about their location is necessary. Recently, a legacy paper file system, The Connecticut State Archaeological Inventory (CSAI) was digitized into a GIS database, the CSAI GIS. In this project, the accuracy of the location data of a sample of the CSAI GIS database, historic sites on US Army Corps of Engineers property in the Naugatuck River Watershed, was assessed against the actual site locations determined by GPS, that they represent. These actual site locations were compared to the corresponding CSAI GIS data using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) method and calculated accuracy. An accuracy threshold was set at 70 feet, representing the acceptable error permissible for accurately represented site locations. The study revealed that the RMSE of the CSAI GIS data was 513 feet, with an estimated accuracy of 1255 feet. None of the 19 tested CSAI locations were represented within 70 feet of the actual location. This level of error was deemed unacceptable for any of the data's intended uses. Intentionally introduced Selective Availability GPS error accounted for some of the error and part of the data was found to have been digitized using the wrong datum, and later combined with data that underwent proper datum transformation. Efforts to fix the datum error resulted in a dataset with a calculated RMSE of 375 feet and estimated accuracy of 919 feet. Alternate methods of obtaining location data for archaeological sites were investigated including using UTM coordinates of sites included in the database attribute table (RMSE 346 ft., accuracy 847 ft., 0% within 70 ft.), digitizing from 11x17' georeferenced archaeological survey maps (RMSE 106 ft, accuracy 260 ft, 56% within 70 ft.), and digitizing from large format archaeological survey maps (RMSE 100 ft., accuracy 246 ft., 61% within 70 ft). This study recommends further investigation involving a more temporally and geographically diverse sample of the data to determine accuracy of locations acquired through various techniques, and to determine the extent of the datum transformation error in the database. Metadata should be created for the data to convey the limitations of the data to end users, and an attribute should be added to include the manner in which each feature was recorded. Standardization of data collection processes, proper training, and oversight of these processes can improve site location accuracy in the future.
Subject	Archaeology -- Connecticut -- Data processing Geographic information systems Historical geographic information systems Archaeology -- Connecticut -- Methodology
Department	Department of Geography
Advisor	Kyem, Peter A.
Type	Text
Digital Format	application/pdf
Language	eng
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Assessing the positional accuracy of cultural resource location data: a case study of the Connecticut state archaeological inventory GIS at three federal properties in the Naugatuck River basin

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