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The relation of time perception to task load, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment / Richard J. Brzostek

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Identifier	Thesis 1636
Author	Brzostek, Richard J
Title	The relation of time perception to task load, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment / Richard J. Brzostek
Publisher	Central Connecticut State University
Date	2001
Resource Type	Master's Thesis
Notes	A number of studies have examined time perception (how people perceive time to pass), but none have investigated time perception in the workplace. Studies reviewed here indicate middle-aged people experience time to pass more quickly than both young people and elderly people (Flaherty & Meer, 1994). Also, attention plays a role in how people perceive time to pass (Casini & Mascar, 1997). When attention is focused on non-temporal stimuli or on action demanding tasks, time perception is less accurate (Curton & Lordahl, 1974). When attention is focused on time itself and when anticipating an event, time appears to pass slowly (Curton & Lordahl). It is believed that empty time seems longer than filled time, because the emptiness of the time allows one to pay attention to the time itself (Rosenzweig & Koht, 1933). The amount of mental activity during filled or unfilled time may explain why filled time appears to go by more quickly (Rosenzweig & Koht). With a change in tempo of activity, there is a change in apparent duration of time (Gulliksen, 1927). In the context of a faster or slower non-preferred rate of activity, a given physical event appears shorter or longer, respectively (Denner, Wapner, McFarland, & Werner, 1963). This study examined how time perception in the workplace relates to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, task load, and job characteristics (autonomy, dealing with others, feedback from agents, feedback from the job itself, task identity, and skill variety) in a survey with a sample of men and women from the Connecticut area. Several hypotheses were made as follows. The greater the task load, the more organizational commitment, the more job satisfaction, and the older the worker the faster the perceived time passage. In addition, when the task load is faster than the preferred rate, perceived time passage is shorter. Finally, job characteristics influence time perception at work (exploratory). Multiple regression analysis found that greater amount of work to do, greater job satisfaction, and greater organizational commitment are associated with faster perceived time passage. In a separate regression, the job characteristics of skill variety and task identity were significant predictors but were not significant when included with the other variables. Age was found to be positively correlated with work time perception, but no relationship was found between age and general time perception. This study is important in that it confirmed the results of previous research in a "real world" setting. This study, along with previous research, suggests that slower time perception is associated with unpleasantness. Having a job in which time passes slowly can be mentally consuming because one is subjected to a relatively unpleasant situation with ample time to think about things, including how bored one is and things one would rather be doing. Hence, it is in the workers' best interest to have jobs that pass relatively quickly. Manipulation of how people perceive time at work can be done by the alteration of job characteristics, the amount of work to do, or manipulating satisfaction. Future research should replicate this study with a random sample or a sample of older participants. Life satisfaction and time perception is a topic of worthwhile pursuit considering the results of this study. Future research should examine job characteristics' relations to time perception.
Subject	Time perception Employees -- Workload Job satisfaction Organizational commitment
Department	Department of Psychology
Advisor	Conway, James
Type	Text
Digital Format	application/pdf
Language	eng
OCLC number	50624244
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The relation of time perception to task load, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment / Richard J. Brzostek

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