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Home CCSU Theses & Dissertations Alcides Arguedas : polémico y polemista en su polémica con Tristán Marof

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Alcides Arguedas : polémico y polemista en su polémica con Tristán Marof

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Identifier	Thesis 2034
Author	Garzia, Ana María Gerke
Title	Alcides Arguedas : polémico y polemista en su polémica con Tristán Marof
Publisher	Central Connecticut State University
Date	2009
Resource Type	Master's Thesis
Notes	The research stated here is an investigation of literature weaved by political views of Bolivian pre-rights times that may have held great influence upon political changes towards social rights of the later half of the twentieth century. Alcides Arguedas (1879-1946) was the most important Bolivian writer of the past century. He was the first Bolivian novelist to be read and discussed by outside writers of the Spanish language in his time and he was the first indigenous writer of Latin America. His writings were about social problems, historical and at times political. Arguedas has had a profound influence in the generations that brought the social changes to Bolivia. However it is important to say that Arguedas was influenced by the European positivism, which led him to have a racist or pessimist vision, to the point that he was also very conservative and intensely critical of his country from what he felt he had observed. The purpose of this thesis is to study his confrontation with Tristán Marof (1898 -1979) another famous Bolivian writer of his time. Marof, contrary to Arguedas, was a Marxist and his literary production was written from that point of view. The two authors were not only writers they were militant politicians, Arguedas in the liberal party whereas Marof founded two trotskist parties affiliated to the Fourth International. In order to understand the historical background of Arguedas and Marof it has been necessary to make a concise historical description of injustices lived by the indigenous people of Bolivia in the first half of the twentieth century and the history of the country in that same period, as well as a study of the lives and works of the two authors including their well known confrontation. The analysis of their work showed that it was Marof who initiated the public confrontation in his book La Justicia del Inca in which he described Arguedas as a pessimist, racist and more. Arguedas replied with a full chapter in his book La Danza de las Sombras insulting Marof. This confrontation continued in this tone for the rest of their lives. Arguedas and Marof have, however, been found to have had a great influence in favor and against the great social and political changes that were brought about by the non Marxist Revolution of 1952. This revolution gave full rights to the indigenous people. The Revolution took place when Arguedas no longer lived and Marof was no longer active in politics. The twenty first century gives a more clear perspective of the issues of race, political ideologies and social problems that shaped the first half of the twentieth century and that influenced, to some extent, the second half of the same century. With this in mind the following writers were consulted: Peter Wade in his book Race and Ethnicity In Latin America, who concludes that the problem of race is pointless because Latin America is mestiza; Alan Knight in his book The Idea of Race in Latin America, 1870-1940 who studies the problems of race in Mexico which are quite similar to those of Bolivia; Rachel Sieder in her book Multiculturalism in Latin America, Indigenous Rights, Diversity and Democracy, in reference to Bolivia has an article by Xavier Albó S.J. which explains how the indigenous people of the country have left behind their condition of followers of different political parties and are now politicians in their own right; Francis Fukuyama in his book The End of History and the Last Man writes that advances in science do not always mean progress for civilization, thus leaving behind the positivist paradigm; and finally, Amartya Sen in his book Identity and Violence, The Illusion of Destiny with his fresh perspective that values individuals above classifications of race, religion, and even social classes. In this thesis the following questions were answered: Were the ideological positions of Arguedas and Marof typical of the first half of the twentieth century? Were Raza de Bronce and Pueblo Enfermo, written by Alcides Arguedas, critical of the feudal order existent in Bolivia during the first half of the twentieth century? Was Alcides Arguedas criticized by Tristán Marof for the literary value of his work or only for its ideological content? Was the confrontation between Arguedas and Marof about their literary work or personal? Can the ideologies that confronted Arguedas and Marof be left behind? This study thereby documents that throughout the twentieth century it was considered that a true polemic had existed for three decades between Arguedas and Marof. However, this thesis shows that the confrontation was not an ideological debate of their different points of view or even a criticism of their literary production. It may thus be established that it was probably influenced by the passion of their political positions. Theirs was a personal enmity translated into an exchange of insults that did not rise to the level that one would have expected of men of their stature, particularly in the case of Arguedas.
Subject	Arguedas, Alcides, 1879-1946 Marof, Tristán Bolivian literature -- 20th century -- History and criticism
Department	Department of Modern Languages
Advisor	García-Lozada, Antonio
Type	Text
Digital Format	application/pdf
Language	spa
OCLC number	713734968
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Home CCSU Theses & Dissertations Alcides Arguedas : polémico y polemista en su polémica con Tristán Marof

Alcides Arguedas : polémico y polemista en su polémica con Tristán Marof

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