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Predator Induced Plasticity in Barnacle Shell Morphology
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Predator Induced Plasticity in Barnacle Shell Morphology
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Description
Identifier
Thesis
1952
Author
Leone, Stacy E.
Title
Predator
Induced
Plasticity
in
Barnacle
Shell
Morphology
Publisher
Central Connecticut State University
Date of Publication
2008
Resource Type
Master's Thesis
Abstract
Organisms
employ
inducible
defenses
to
prevent
predation
. This
occurs
when
the
organism
recognizes
an
environmental
cue
that
leads
to the
expression
of the
defensive
trait
. In
marine
systems
this
cue
is
often
chemical
in
nature
.
Several
marine
invertebrates
have been
shown
to
use
inducible
defenses
,
including
:
bryozoans
,
mussels
,
snails
, and
barnacles
(Harvell
1984
,
Lively
1986
,
Trussell
1996
,
Leonard
et
al
.
1999
,
Dalziel
and
Boulding
2005
,
Jarrett
2008)
. The
purpose
of this
study
was to
determine
if the
cue
from
exposure
to
Mexacanthina
lugubris
, a
predatory
snail
,
causes
the
narrow
operculum
morphology
in the
barnacle
Chthamalus
fissus
.
Rocks
containing
juveniles
of the
species
C
.
fissus
were
collected
in
La
Jolla
, CA. In the
laboratory
the
barnacles
were
assigned
to
one
of
three
treatments
:
M
.
lugubris
(predator)
,
Tegula
funebralis
(herbivore)
, or
control
. The
barnacles
in the
predator
and
herbivore
treatment
were
exposed
to
cues
from the
snails
for
28
days
over
a
35
day
period
. The
barnacles
in the
control
treatment
were
exposed
to the
same
conditions
without
the
presence
of any
snails
.
Digital
photographs
of the
barnacles
were
taken
on
1
August
2007
and
23
January
2008
.
Measurements
of
operculum
width
,
operculum
length
, and
basal
diameter
were
taken
using
Sigma
Scan
Pro
5TM
software
and
compared
among
the
treatments
.
Over
the
course
of the
experiment
,
barnacles
that were
exposed
to
M
.
lugubris
developed
significantly
narrower
opercula
than
barnacles
in the
T
.
funebralis
and
control
treatments
. This
indicates
that the
narrow
operculum
morphology
seen
in
C
.
fissus
is
an
inducible
defense
triggered
by a
cue
from its
predator
,
M
.
lugubris
.
Future
studies
are
needed
to
determine
the
cost
of
employing
the
narrow
morphology
, to
investigate
the
nature
of the
cue
and the
effects
of
damaged
conspecifics
on the
development
of the
narrow
morphology
, and to
determine
how
genetic
variation
in
populations
of
barnacles
influences
their
ability
to
respond
to
invasive
predators
.
Subject
Barnacles
Snails
Phenotypic plasticity
Department
Department of Biology
Advisor
Jarrett, Jeremiah N.
Type
Text
Digital Format
application/pdf
Language
eng
OCLC number
713734094
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